TY  - SER
AU  - Kiron,Viswanath
AU  - Jahan,Parveen
AU  - Watanabe,Takeshi
AU  - Satoh,Shuichi
TI  - Improved carp diets based on plant protein sources reduce environmental phosphorus loading
SN  - 0919-9268
PY  - 2003///
CY  - Tokyo, Japan
PB  - Blackwell Publishing
KW  - Carp
KW  - Japan
KW  - LCSH
KW  - Fish meal
KW  - Nutrition—Requirements
N1  - Includes bibliographical references
N2  - As part of on-going efforts to reduce environmental phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) loading from culture systems, five experimental diets were formulated containing 5-15% of fish meal (FM) and different levels of soy protein concentrate (10-20%), corn gluten meal (3-5%) and defatted soybean meal (2.0-8.5%). These diets had total P ranging between 1.04 and 1.29% and available P between 0.62 and 0.63%. A FM-based (43%) commercial diet was used as the controland this diet had total P of 1.87% and available P of 0.82%. Waste loading was calculated after feeding the diets to 3.4 g carp for 10 weeks. Feed gain ratios were not significantly different for fish fed control and experimental diets having 10-15% FM, but the protein efficiency ratio was lower for the control group. The rates of P absorption and retention in the experimental dietgroups were significantly higher than those of the control group. The lowest N retention was obtained for the control group, although absorption was not markedly different among the treatment groups. Total P and N loading (kg/ton production) produced from the experimental diets ranged from 7.1 to 8.9 and from 36.1 to 41.3, respectively, whereas the corresponding values for the control dietwere 15.2 and 48.1
UR  - https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/fishsci1994/69/2/69_2_219/_pdf/-char/en
ER  -