000			02601naa a22003134ib4500
003			PH-QcNFR
005			20240808110540.0
008			20240619c||||||||ph fr j o||||f0 a|eng|d
022	1		_a0919-9268
040			_aPH-QcNFR _beng _cPH-QcNFR
100	1		_aKiron, Visnawath _95793
245	1	0	_aBalancing protein ingredients in carp feeds to limit discharge of phospohorus and nitrogen into water bodies / _cVisnawath Kiron and three others
264		1	_aTokyo, Japan : _bBlackwell Publishing , _c2003
336			_atxt _btxt _2rdacontent
337			_an _bn _2rdamedia
338			_anc _bnc _2rdacarrier
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references
520	3		_aThrough a series of experiments, it has been demonstrated successfullythat an appropriate choice of ingredients is primary for achievinga reduction in phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) loading from carpculture. In this final study, four multi-ingredient diets were examined.In addition to the basal ingredients (fish meal 15%, corngluten meal 8%, defatted soybean meal 10%, blood meal3–5%), three of the test diets (PF, MM, and SP)contained 6% each of either poultry feather meal, meatmeal or soy protein concentrate, respectively, and the fourth diet(PMS) had each of the three aforementioned ingredients includedat 3%. These diets had crude protein < 35%,digestible energy > 3.5 kcal/g,available P between 0.65 and 0.66% and total P rangingfrom 1.26 to 1.36%. The diets were fed to juvenile carpduring a 12-week feeding trial. The highest growth was obtained forfish fed the MM diet. The absorption and retention rates of P werehigher for the PF diet, whereas these values for N did not showtreatment-related differences. The total discharges per ton fish productionwere estimated to range between 7.8 and 9.2 kg for P andbetween 39.1 and 40.7 kg for N. These were lower than thefigures for Lake Kasumigaura, a main carp culture site, indicatingthat proper balancing of protein ingredients aids in efficientlylowering emissions from aquaculture.
546			_aeng _beng
650		0	_aFish meal _zJapan _2LCSH _95786
650		0	_aprotein sources _2AGROVOC _93092
650		0	_aWaste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. _zJapan _2LCSH _95794
700	1		_aJahan, Parveen _eauthor
700	1		_aWatanabe, Takeshi _eauthor
700	1		_aSatoh, Shuichi _eauthor
773	0		_01676 _92128 _aJapan. _oSC00004 _tFisheries science. _gVolume 69, Issue no. 2 (April 2023), page 226 - 233
856	7		_2https _uhttps://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/fishsci1994/69/2/69_2_226/_pdf/-char/ja _yOnline Access
942			_2lcc _n0 _cJA _iIMC000973
999			_c1750 _d1750